山东三所新材料技术有限公司

　　现代侦察技术的飞速发展使与之相对抗的伪装、反侦察的隐身技术成为现代战争的必需，伪装体系特别是伪装网是对抗侦察的有效手段之一。伪装网是一种在军事上用来遮盖武器装备或固定目标以达到低可探测性的织物。其伪装原理是利用伪装网组成拱起或者平面的遮障，和周围地貌环境相适应，以此来增加敌方的侦察识别难度。同时，其还能减弱遮障下装备的平面反射，改变装备的外形特征，起到对抗热红外成像侦察和雷达反射波侦察的效果。

　　The rapid development of modern reconnaissance technology has made camouflage and anti reconnaissance stealth technology necessary for modern warfare, and camouflage systems, especially camouflage nets, are one of the effective means of countering reconnaissance. A camouflage net is a type of fabric used in military applications to cover weapons, equipment, or fixed targets in order to achieve low detectability. The camouflage principle is to use camouflage nets to form arched or flat barriers that are adapted to the surrounding terrain environment, in order to increase the difficulty of enemy reconnaissance and identification. At the same time, it can also reduce the planar reflection of equipment under obstruction, change the external characteristics of equipment, and have the effect of countering thermal infrared imaging reconnaissance and radar reflection wave reconnaissance.

　　双面伪装网是用于地面机动装备和固定设施伪装的专用器材，伪装网采用适合南北方林地、荒漠、高原、海岛和雪地等不同背景的斑块图案设计，而且采用双面印花、拼花的全新设计方式，使其视觉特征近似于自然生态的特点，从而更加适合在不同地形、地貌使用。

　　Double sided camouflage net is a specialized equipment used for camouflage of ground mobile equipment and fixed facilities. The camouflage net adopts patch pattern design suitable for different backgrounds such as forests, deserts, plateaus, islands, and snow in the north and south, and adopts a new design method of double-sided printing and mosaic, making its visual characteristics similar to the characteristics of natural ecology, making it more suitable for use in different terrains and landforms.

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　　伪装网的种类

　　Types of camouflage nets

　　（1）林地型伪装网：正面为南方春夏季节使用的伪装网面，由深绿、中绿、黄绿和沙土等 4 种颜色斑点组成，适应春夏植被生长茂盛背景；反面为秋冬季节使用的伪装网面，由深绿、中绿、黄土和褐土斑点组成，适应林地背景秋冬植被落叶、枯萎和休眠季节或植被背景，近红外线反射率与其背景基调相适应。

　　(1) Forest type camouflage net: The front is a camouflage net used in the southern spring and summer seasons, consisting of four colors of spots: dark green, medium green, yellow green, and sandy soil, suitable for the background of lush vegetation growth in spring and summer; The reverse side is a camouflage mesh used in autumn and winter seasons, composed of dark green, medium green, loess, and brown soil spots, adapted to the forest background, autumn and winter vegetation shedding, withering, and dormancy seasons, or sparse vegetation background. The near-infrared reflectance is adapted to its background tone.

　　（2）荒漠型伪装网：正面适用于沙漠或黄土高原少植背场景，由浅沙、沙土、褐土、黄土斑点组成；反面为戈壁滩地貌伪装网面，由浅沙、沙土、黑石和深绿斑点组成，近红外线反射率与其背景基调相适应。

　　(2) Desert type camouflage net: suitable for desert or Loess Plateau scenes with few plants on the back, consisting of shallow sand, sandy soil, brown soil, and loess spots on the front; The reverse side is a camouflage mesh of Gobi desert terrain, composed of shallow sand, sandy soil, black stone, and dark green spots, with near-infrared reflectivity adapted to its background tone.

　　（3）雪地型伪装网：正面为全积雪伪装网面，为全白色；反面为部分积雪伪装网面，由白色、黄土两种颜色斑点组成。白色伪装色在紫外光谱350 nm处的反射系数≥70%，白度≥90。

　　(3) Snow type camouflage net: The front is a full snow camouflage net surface, which is all white; The reverse side is a partially snow covered camouflage mesh, composed of white and yellow spots. The reflection coefficient of white camouflage color at 350 nm in the ultraviolet spectrum is ≥ 70%, and the whiteness is ≥ 90.

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　　伪装网制造工艺

　　Manufacturing process of camouflage net

　　面料选择：采用高强涤纶长丝以井字平格织造方式由喷水织机进行织造，基布重量≤100 g/m2，坯布经过精练退浆处理，定形成品有效门幅150 mm，这样既能提高伪装网面料的拉伸及撕破强力，又能减轻伪装网的重量，便于架设使用和运输。

　　Fabric selection: High strength polyester filament is used to weave the camouflage net fabric in a cross shaped flat grid weaving method using a water jet loom. The base fabric weight is ≤ 100 g/m2, and the fabric is refined and desizing treated to form a finished product with an effective width of 150 mm. This not only improves the tensile and tear strength of the camouflage net fabric, but also reduces the weight of the camouflage net, making it easy to install, use, and transport.

　　图案设计：面料开发时需注重斑块颜色与斑块面积的搭配比例，使斑块之间的过渡更加顺畅自然，图案斑点设计更趋科学，与自然光线投下的斑点深浅度吻合性更高，具有立体层次感，符合自然界的实际情况，从而使伪装特征更加显著。

　　Pattern design: When developing fabrics, attention should be paid to the matching ratio of patch color and patch area, making the transition between patches smoother and more natural. Pattern spot design should be more scientific, with higher consistency with the depth of spots cast by natural light, and have a three-dimensional sense that conforms to the actual situation of the natural world, thus making the camouflage features more prominent.

　　涂料选择：为保证涂料能够均匀地分散在浆料中，具有较好的稳定性，着色力强，遮盖力好，耐光性能优越。可选用品种多、色谱广、色泽鲜艳度和着色力高的有机涂料（白色涂料选择在紫外光谱内具备高反射率的无机材料）。

　　Coating selection: To ensure that the coating can be evenly dispersed in the slurry, has good stability, strong coloring power, good covering power, and superior light resistance. Organic coatings with a wide variety, wide spectrum, bright color and high coloring power can be selected (white coatings should be made of inorganic materials with high reflectivity in the ultraviolet spectrum).

　　阻燃涂色整理：采用涂层的方法赋予面料耐久性阻燃性能，选择阻燃剂与涂层胶并按 8∶5 比例，辅以所需的有机、无机颜料混合而成，然后在面料两面各刮涂一次，单面刮涂增重约20 ～ 25 g/m2，然后在160 ℃下烘40 s。这样能有效防止在后续印花过程中色浆渗化引起的正反两面颜色的相互影响，进而保证伪装网颜色的准确性。这种方法既可以达到面料阻燃的技术要求，同时面料两面也印上了底色，从而减少了印花的套色数。

　　Flame retardant coating and finishing: The fabric is endowed with durability and flame retardant properties by coating. Environmentally friendly flame retardants and coating adhesives are selected and mixed in an 8:5 ratio, supplemented with the required organic and inorganic pigments. Then, the fabric is scraped and coated on both sides, with a weight gain of about 20-25 g/m2 on one side. Finally, it is dried at 160 ℃ for 40 seconds. This can effectively prevent the mutual influence of colors on both sides caused by the infiltration of color paste during the subsequent printing process, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the camouflage net color. This method can meet the technical requirements of flame retardancy for fabrics, while also printing the base color on both sides of the fabric, thereby reducing the number of color combinations in printing.

　　印花浆料选择：涂料对纤维没有亲和力，所以不能像染料一样通过与纤维的相互作用而上染，涂料与纤维的结合必须依赖于黏合剂膜的包覆及黏合剂大分子对纤维的黏附作用。 按底胶：面胶∶消光PU胶= 4∶3∶3 的比例混合，并加入2%的交联剂、4%的钛白浆（提高涂料的遮盖力）、1%的防霉剂，用增稠剂调合适黏度，搅拌均匀后，制成印花浆备用。将所需颜色的涂料色浆加入印花浆搅拌均匀后印花，烘干后印花表面无黏连现象，各种牢度均较好。

　　Printing paste selection: Coatings do not have affinity for fibers, so they cannot be dyed through interaction with fibers like dyes. The bonding between coatings and fibers must rely on the coating of adhesive film and the adhesion of adhesive macromolecules to fibers. Mix the base adhesive: surface adhesive: matte PU adhesive in a ratio of 4:3:3, and add 2% crosslinking agent, 4% titanium dioxide slurry (to improve the covering power of the coating), and 1% mold inhibitor. Adjust the viscosity to the appropriate level with a thickener, stir evenly, and prepare a printing paste for later use. Add the required color coating paste to the printing paste and stir evenly before printing. After drying, there is no adhesion on the printing surface, and the various fastness are good.

　　确定面料及涂料、浆料后，在经过阻燃涂色整理的面料上按色光要求进行印花打样配色，配色结束后，需要配制每种颜色生产所需的色浆，色浆配好后需要再次复小样确定每种颜色色光是否符合要求，只有符合色光要求后才能用于平网印花。

　　After determining the fabric, coating, and paste, print samples and color matching according to the color requirements on the fabric that has undergone flame retardant coloring finishing. After the color matching is completed, it is necessary to prepare the color paste required for each color production. After the color paste is prepared, a sample needs to be made again to determine whether each color shade meets the requirements. Only when it meets the color shade requirements can it be used for flat screen printing.

　　随着各种高新侦察技术的研制与应用，作为伪装器材重要组成部分的伪装网必将受到广泛的关注，这就要求相关生产企业要不断更新伪装网面料的功能，开发新型伪装网，与时俱进，这样才能适应纷繁复杂的国际战场环境。

　　With the development and application of various high-tech reconnaissance technologies, camouflage nets, as an important component of camouflage equipment, will inevitably receive widespread attention. This requires relevant production enterprises to constantly update the functions of camouflage net fabrics, develop new types of camouflage nets, keep up with the times, so as to adapt to the complex international battlefield environment.

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